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为测定气-液-固流化过程中UO2颗粒固相分布规律，通过磁场辅助气-液-固三相流化床冷模试验，系统探究了镍粉(模拟催化剂)与氧化铝(模拟UO2产物)的流态化行为及磁场调控下的分离特性。结果表明：无磁场时，氧化铝颗粒的轴向固含率分布随气体流量(5～40 L/min)变化而显著变化，低气体流量(5～20 L/min)下床层底部形成高浓度沉积区，粒径越大沉积效应越明显，中高气体流量(25～40 L/min)下大气泡破碎增强轴向混合，但顶部固含率仍低于底部；镍粉因高密度特性表现出显著差异，细颗粒(200～300目)需气体流量≥15 L/min实现准均匀分散，而粗颗粒(100～200目)即使在气体流量达40 L/min时，仍沉积于床层底部；施加磁场后，镍粉随磁场强度增强逐渐富集于床层下部，形成磁性团聚的“表观大颗粒”并稳定沉积于气体分布板附近，而非磁性氧化铝随液流上浮；同一磁场强度下，镍粉与氧化铝固含率比自上而下递增，而随磁场增强比值迅速下降，表明磁性颗粒聚集效应显著。研究结果验证了磁场辅助流化床对磁性催化剂与非磁性产物的动态分离效能，明确了气体流量、磁场强度及颗粒匹配的关键参数，可为铀化工连续化反应器设计提供理论支撑。
Abstract：In order to determine the solid phase distribution law of UO2 particles during the gas-liquid-solid fluidization process, Fluidization behavior of nickel powder(simulating catalyst) and alumina(simulating UO2 product) in a cold model experiment of a magnetic field-assisted gas-liquid-solid three-phase fluidized bed, with a focus on separation characteristics under magnetic field regulation were systematically investigated. The results show that in the absence of a magnetic field, the axial solid content distribution of alumina particles varies significantly with the gas flow rates(5-40 L/min).Under low gas flow rates(5-20 L/min),a high-concentration deposition zone is formed at the bottom of the bed, and the larger the particle size, the more obvious the deposition effect. Under medium and high gas flow rates(25-40 L/min),large bubbles break to enhance axial mixing, but the solid content at the top is still lower than that at the bottom. Nickel powder shows significant differences due to its high-density characteristics. Fine particles(200-300 mesh) require a gas flow rate of ≥15 L/min to achieve quasi-uniform dispersion, while coarse particles(100-200 mesh) remain deposited at the bottom of the bed even when the gas flow rate reaches 40 L/min. After the application of a magnetic field, nickel particles gradually accumulate in the lower part of the bed as the magnetic field intensity increases, forming magnetic agglomerated "apparent large particles" that are stably deposited near the gas distribution plate, while non-magnetic alumina floats up with the liquid flow. Under the same magnetic field the solid content ratio of nickel powder to alumina to increase from top to bottom, but the ratio drops rapidly with the strengthening of the magnetic field, indicating a significant aggregation effect of magnetic particles. The research results verified the dynamic separation efficiency of magnetic field-assisted fluidized beds for magnetic catalysts and non-magnetic products, clarified the key parameters of gas flow rate, magnetic field intensity and particle matching, and provided theoretical support for the design of continuous reactors in uranium chemical industry.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.06.007
中图分类号:TL211
引用信息:
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