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研究了以板栗壳为原料，先用热解法制备原始生物炭(BC),再用氮掺杂和磷酸盐改性法制备磷酸盐改性氮掺杂生物炭(NP-BC)。考察了BC和NP-BC对废水中铀的吸附性能，通过SEM、EDS、BET、FT-IR和XPS等手段分析了BC和NP-BC的表面形貌和元素，探讨了BC和NP-BC对铀的吸附机制。结果表明：针对铀初始质量浓度10 mg/L、初始pH=4的废水，在NP-BC投加量0.2 g/L、反应温度30℃条件下，U(Ⅵ)吸附去除率达99.32%;共存阴、阳离子对NP-BC除U(Ⅵ)的影响随离子浓度增大而增强；吸附过程更适宜用准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型描述；通过FT-IR和XPS分析得出，NP-BC对铀的吸附机制为含氧官能团、含氮官能团和磷酸基团的配合作用及还原作用。
Abstract：The original biochar(BC) was prepared by pyrolysis using chestnut shells as raw materials, and then the phosphate-modified nitrogen-doped biochar(NP-BC) was prepared by nitrogen doping and phosphate modification methods.The adsorption performance of BC and NP-BC for uranium in wastewater was investigated.The surface morphology and elements of BC and NP-BC were analyzed by means of SEM,EDS,BET,FT-IR and XPS,and the adsorption mechanism of BC and NP-BC for uranium was discussed.The results show that for the wastewater with an initial mass concentration of uranium of 10 mg/L and initial pH of 4,under the conditions of NP-BC dosage of 0.2 g/L and reaction temperature of 30 ℃,the adsorption removal rate of U(Ⅵ) can reach 99.32%.The influence of coexisting anions and cations on the division of U(Ⅵ) in NP-BC increases with the increase of ion concentration.The adsorption process is more suitable to be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. It is concluded through FT-IR and XPS analysis that the adsorption mechanism of uranium by NP-BC is the coordination effect and reduction effect of oxygen-containing functional groups, nitrogen-containing functional groups and phosphate groups.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.05.008
中图分类号:TQ424;X703
引用信息:
[1]熊芷毓,毛悦梅,李仕友等.磷酸盐改性氮掺杂生物炭除铀效果及机制研究[J].湿法冶金,2025,44(05):635-644.DOI:10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.05.008.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52170164); 湖南省研究生科研创新项目资助(CX20240823)