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针对锌酸浸渣，研究了以锌精矿为还原剂、锌冶炼废电解液为浸出剂，在微压条件下还原浸出锌、铁、铜并富集铅、银，再用热酸浸出微压还原浸出渣，考察了各因素对两段浸出的影响。结果表明：微压还原浸出的最佳条件为压力0.2 MPa,终点酸度35 g/L,反应温度100℃,液固体积质量比8/1,锌精矿加入量为理论用量的1.1倍，搅拌速度400 r/min,反应时间2 h;将该条件下所得微压还原浸出渣，在温度90℃、终酸酸度110 g/L条件下用热酸浸出2 h,计算得出两段浸出后的锌、铁、铜总浸出率达95.81%、92.67%、92.63%,渣率为锌酸浸渣的24.61%,可实现渣的减量化；铅、银富集于热酸浸出渣中，渣中硫质量分数为23.42%,该浸出渣有价金属含量高，潜在自热能力强。该法利用锌精矿的还原性与锌酸浸渣浸出液中Fe3+的氧化性实现了锌酸浸渣的高效综合回收，具有一定推广应用价值。
Abstract：For zinc acid leaching residue, the reduction leaching of zinc, iron and copper and the enrichment of lead and silver were studied by using zinc concentrate as the reducing agent and zinc smelting waste electrolyte as the leaching agent under micro-pressure conditions.The micro-pressure reduction leaching residue was then leached with hot acid.The effects of various factors on the two-stage leaching were investigated.The results show that the optimal conditions for micro-pressure reduction leaching are pressure of 0.2 MPa, final acid concentration of 35 g/L,reaction temperature of 100 ℃,liquid volume to solid mass ratio of 8/1,zinc concentrate addition of 1.1 times the theoretical amount, stirring speed of 400 r/min, and reaction time of 2 h.The micro-pressure reduction leaching residue obtained under these conditions was leached with hot acid at 90 ℃ and a final acid concentration of 110 g/L for 2 h.The total leaching rates of zinc, iron and copper after the two-stage leaching can reach 95.81%,92.67% and 92.63%,respectively, and the residue rate is 24.61% of the zinc acid leaching residue, which can achieve the reduction of the residue. Lead and silver are enriched in the hot acid leaching residue, with a sulfur mass fraction of 23.42%.The leaching residue has a high content of valuable metals and strong potential for self-heating.The method utilizes the reducing property of zinc concentrate and the oxidizing property of Fe3+ in the zinc acid leaching residue leaching solution to achieve efficient and comprehensive recovery of zinc acid leaching residue, and has certain application and promotion value.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.05.005
中图分类号:TF803
引用信息:
[1]俞凌飞,朱北平,张泽林等.用锌精矿微压还原浸出锌酸浸渣中的有价金属[J].湿法冶金,2025,44(05):613-619.DOI:10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.05.005.
基金信息:
云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202302AB080014,202302AG050008)