湿法冶金

锌电解过程产出大量的废电解液，废电解液酸性较强并含有多种金属离子，如直接排放会对环境造成严重污染。以废电解液和浓硫酸作为浸出介质，研究了采用酸浸—浮选工艺综合回收湿法炼锌渣中金、银、锌。以常规浸出工艺产生的浸出渣(老渣)为主要研究对象，考察了矿浆搅拌速度、废电解液用量、硫酸补加量、酸浸温度对金、银浮选指标的影响。结果表明：酸浸—浮选老渣闭路试验最终获得的精矿中金品位为10.16 g/t,金回收率为78.63%,银品位为1 039.64 g/t,银回收率为74.72%,锌品位为40.64%,锌回收率为21.86%,酸浸液中锌回收率为60.15%;采用热酸浸出工艺产生的浸出渣(新渣)和现浸出过程产出的新鲜渣浆进行验证试验可获得较好的闭路试验指标。该方法可实现废电解液的循环利用，使渣中有价金属得到高效综合回收。

A large amount of waste electrolysis is produced in the zinc electrolysis process.Waste electrolyte is acidic and contains many metal ions, such as direct discharge of serious pollution to the environment.Using waste electrolyte and concentrated sulfuric acid as leaching medium, the comprehensive recovery of gold, silver and zinc from wet zinc smelting slag by acid leaching and flotation process was studied.Taking the leaching slag(old slag) produced by conventional leaching process as the main object of study, the effects of pulp stirring speed, waste electrolyte dosage, sulfuric acid addition amount and acid leaching temperature on the flotation indexes of gold and silver were investigated.The results show that using the acid leaching and flotation process, the closed-circuit test of old slag finally obtains the concentrate with gold grade of 10.16 g/t, gold recovery of 78.63%,silver grade of 1 039.64 g/t, silver recovery of 74.72%,zinc grade of 40.64%,zinc recovery of 21.86%,the recovery of zinc in acid leaching solution is 60.15%.The validation test is carried out using the leaching slag(new slag) produced by hot acid leaching process and the fresh slag pulp produced by the leaching process, and a good closed-circuit test index is obtained.The method can realize the recycling of the waste electrolyte and make the valuable metals in the slag be recovered efficiently and comprehensively.