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针对酸性溶液体系中钒、镓难以高效分离回收的问题，研究了V(Ⅴ)-Ga(Ⅲ)-H2O体系中钒、镓离子的物理化学性质差异，并利用冶金热力学计算公式模拟计算出了溶液浓度优势区域与组分优势区域，同时结合碱滴定试验和拉曼检测结果确定了钒、镓分离的适宜lg[C]T-pH范围。结果表明：优势pH范围在2～3之间，在此区间内，钒离子将产生摩尔分数>90%的钒同多酸根大核阴离子，同时镓主要以小核阳离子形式存在，加大了酸性溶液中钒、镓的化学状态差异性，同时有效避免了氢氧化镓的大核沉淀的形成，有利于富集溶液中钒、镓的分离回收。
Abstract：To address the issue of the efficient separation and recovery of vanadium and gallium from acidic solution system, the physicochemical differences between V(Ⅴ) and Ga(Ⅲ) in the V(Ⅴ)-Ga(Ⅲ)-H2O system were systematically examined.Through metallurgical thermodynamic simulations, concentration predominance diagrams and species predominance diagrams were generated.Combined with alkali titration experiments and Raman spectroscopy analysis, the optimal lg[C]T-pH range for vanadium-gallium separation was determined.The results indicate that the ideal pH range is between 2 and 3.In the range, vanadium ions will form large-nucleus anions of vanadium polyoxometalates with a molar fraction of more than 90%,while gallium mainly exists in the form of small-nucleus cations, increasing the chemical state difference between vanadium and gallium in acidic solution system and effectively avoiding the formation of large-nucleus gallium hydroxide precipitates, which is conducive to the separation and recovery of vanadium and gallium in the enriched solution system.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.03.007
中图分类号:TF841.3;TF843.1
引用信息:
[1]聂子杰,张伟光,李义兵等.V(Ⅴ)-Ga(Ⅲ)-H_2O酸性溶液体系钒镓分离的热力学分析[J].湿法冶金,2025,44(03):334-341.DOI:10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.03.007.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52204358、52464045); 广西科技计划项目(2023GXNSFBA026140);广西科技计划项目(重大专项,桂科AA23023033); 广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(AA22068080); 安徽省低碳冶金与固废资源化重点实验室(安徽工业大学)开放基金项目(SKF24-01); 中国博士后面上基金项目(2024MD763942)