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针对煤粉炉粉煤灰中铝元素因莫来石结构导致提取效率低的问题，提出采用高温强化脱钙—介质循环再生工艺从粉煤灰活化熟料中脱钙及提取氧化铝，通过单因素试验确定了脱钙及提铝的最佳工艺参数。结果表明：最优脱钙工艺条件为反应温度160℃,盐酸浓度12%,反应时间4 h,在该条件下，CaO脱除率达98%以上，而Al2O3溶出率被有效抑制在5%以下；最优提铝工艺条件为温度60℃,盐酸浓度26%,反应时间0.5 h,在该条件下，Al2O3溶出率超过93%,溶出液中Ca2+质量浓度可控制在0.39 g/L以下；创新性构建氯化钙闭路循环系统，可使滤液回用试验的活化剂回收率达90%以上。该工艺实现了钙铝高效分离及助剂循环利用，可为粉煤灰提铝提供一种低碳化解决方案。
Abstract：To address the issue of low extraction efficiency of aluminum from fly ash in pulverized coal furnaces due to its mullite structure, a process combining high—temperature enhanced decalcification with medium recycling to remove calcium and extract alumina from activated fly ash clinker was proposed. The optimal process parameters for decalcification and alumina extraction were determined through single-factor experiments. The results indicate that the optimal decalcification conditions are reaction temperature of 160 ℃,hydrochloric acid concentration of 12%,and reaction time of 4 h. Under the conditions, the CaO removal rate exceeds 98%,while the Al2O3 dissolution rate is effectively suppressed below 5%. The optimal alumina extraction conditions are temperature of 60 ℃,hydrochloric acid concentration of 26%,and reaction time of 0.5 hours, achieving an Al2O3 dissolution rate of over 93% and controlling the Ca2+ concentration in the leachate below 0.39 g/L. Innovatively, a closed-loop calcium chloride recycling system is constructed, enabling recovery rate of over 90% for the activator in filtrate reuse tests. The process can achieve efficient calcium-aluminum separation and recycling of additives, offering a low-carbon solution for alumina extraction from fly ash.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.05.010
中图分类号:X705;TQ133.1
引用信息:
[1]王凯.从粉煤灰活化熟料中脱钙及提取氧化铝工艺研究[J].湿法冶金,2025,44(05):653-659.DOI:10.13355/j.cnki.sfyj.2025.05.010.
基金信息:
国家科学技术部“十二五”科技计划项目(2011BAA04B05)