湿法冶金

针对铁钴铜合金中铜、钴分离回收难度大的问题，研究了从铁钴铜合金中低酸浸出铁、钴分离铜，再采用氧压水解法分离铁、钴，制备氧化铁，考察了各因素对低酸浸出和氧压水解效果的影响。结果表明：铁钴铜合金在硫酸质量浓度30 g/L、液固体积质量比10∶1条件下，经4次浸出后，铁、钴浸出率分别达98.57%、99.21%,铜浸出率仅为0.3%。铁钴浸出液在氧分压0.4 MPa、反应温度180℃、搅拌速度400 r/min、反应时间120 min条件下氧化水解沉淀铁，水解产物为FeOOH和Fe₂O₃混合物，铁质量分数达58%以上，Fe沉淀率达92%左右，水解过程Co回收率99.5%以上，硫酸产率为96.41%。该法可实现铁钴铜合金中铁、钴、铜的分离，水解过程产生的硫酸可循环利用，抵消浸出过程硫酸消耗，并能大幅提高溶液中钴浓度。研究结果对从含铜、钴等有价金属铁基合金的湿法分离具有一定参考价值。

Aiming at the difficulty in separating and recovering copper and cobalt from iron-cobalt-copper alloys, a process was proposed to leach iron and cobalt from the alloy with low-concentration sulfuric acid, separate copper, and then separate iron and cobalt by oxygen pressure hydrolysis to prepare iron oxide.The effects of various factors on the low-concentration acid leaching and the separation of iron by oxygen pressure hydrolysis were investigated.The results show that the leaching rates of iron and cobalt are 98.57% and 99.21%,respectively, and the copper leaching rate is only 0.3% after 4 times of leaching, under the conditions of sulfuric acid concentration of 30 g/L and liquid volume to solid mass ratio of 10∶1.Under the conditions of oxygen partial pressure of 0.4 MPa, reaction temperature of 180 ℃,stirring speed of 400 r/min and reaction time of 120 min, the hydrol ysate is mixture of FeOOH and Fe₂O₃,the iron content is more than 58%,the iron immersion rate was about 92%,the cobalt recovery rate is more than 99.5%,and the sulfuric acid yield is 96.41%.The method realizes the separation of iron, cobalt and copper in iron, cobalt and copper alloys, and recycles the sulfuric acid produced during the hydrolysis process, which can offset the sulfuric acid consumption in the leaching process and greatly increase the cobalt concentration in the solution.The results of this study have important reference value for the wet separation of iron-based alloys containing valuable metals such as copper and cobalt.